Pluralul substantivelor

1.

Se adauga "s" care se pronunta "z" :

car -cars bed -beds zebra -zebras

cow -cows key -keys needle -needles

chair -chairs room -rooms moor -moors

door -doors noon -noons vacuum cleaner -vacuum cleaners

pub -pubs flower -flowers

ball -balls soil -soils

2.

Se adauga "s" care se pronunta "s" dupa substantivele care se termina in "p",

"k", "t":

cap -caps hut -huts

book -books hook -hooks

hat -hats map -maps

3.

Se adauga "es" care se pronunta citeste "iz" dupa substantivele care se termina in "s", "x", "z", "ch", "sh" :

bus -buses fox -foxes

box -boxes dish -dishes

buzz -buzzes bench -benches

branch -branches kiss -kisses

brush -brushes fuss -fusses

3a.

Se adauga "s" care se pronunta "iz" dupa substantivele care se termina in "ge",

"ce" "se", "ze" :

bridge -bridges house -houses

voice -voices noise -noises

fence -fences promise -promises

horse -horses

breeze -breezes

( se aplica aceeasi regula si la forma verbelor de la persoana III -a singular , prezent afirmativ : she mixes, he teaches , etc. )

4.

Substantive cu plural neregulat :

mouse -mice goose -geese

man -men apex -apices ( eipecs -eipisi:z ) = vârf , culme

woman -women foot -feet

child -children

ox -oxen

louse -lice

die -dice

tooth -tooth

5.

Dupa substantivele terminate in "o" se adauga "es" care se pronunta impreuna

"ouz" :

potato -potatoes veto -vetoes

tomato -tomatoes tornado -tornadoes

no -noes torpedo -torpedoes

archipelago -archipelagoes lingo -lingoes

jingo -jingoes mulatto -mulattoes

grotto -grottoes

cargo -cargoes

echo -echoes

hero -heroes

negro -negroes

mosquito -mosquitoes

5a.

Dupa substantivele terminate in "o" se adauga "s" care se pronunta impreuna ouz"

radio -radios portfolio -portfolios

piano -pianos ratio -ratios

photo -photos bamboo -bamboos

studio -studios

folio -folios

rodeo -rodeos

6.

Substantive care au aceeasi forma si pentru singular si pentru plural :

fish reindeer

fruit series

candy species

sheep apparatus

deer

grain

7.

Dupa substantivele terminate in "y" precedat de o consoana se schimba "y" in "i"

si se adauga "es" care se pronunta impreuna "ies" :

cherry -cherries

baby -babies

lorry -lorries

daisy -daisies

8.

Dupa substantivele terminate in "y" precedat de o vocala se adauga "s" care se

Pronunta "z" :

boy -boys

toy -toys

day -days

9.

Dupa substantivele terminate in "f" se schimba "f" in "v" si se adauga "es" care se

pronunta impreuna "vz" :

wolf -wolves turf -turves (turfs)